What concept ensures that government does not have unchecked power?

The concept that ensures the government does not possess unchecked power is rooted in the idea of separation of powers. This principle divides government responsibilities into distinct branches—typically executive, legislative, and judicial—each with its own functions and powers. By doing so, it prevents any single branch from becoming too powerful, as each branch has the authority to check and balance the powers of the others.

For instance, the legislative branch is responsible for making laws, the executive branch is in charge of enforcing those laws, and the judicial branch interprets them. This system not only distributes authority across different entities but also establishes mechanisms—such as vetoes, judicial review, and impeachment—that allow one branch to limit the powers of another. Consequently, separation of powers is fundamental in protecting individual liberties and maintaining a balanced government that serves the people.