What is meant by the separation of powers?

The separation of powers refers to the division of government responsibilities into distinct branches to prevent any one entity from having too much power. In the context of the United States government, this system is primarily divided into three branches: the legislative, executive, and judicial. Each branch is assigned specific functions and responsibilities.

The legislative branch is responsible for making laws, the executive branch is in charge of enforcing those laws, and the judicial branch interprets laws and ensures that they are applied fairly. This design ensures a system of checks and balances, where each branch can limit the powers of the others, thereby maintaining a balance of authority within the government. This division fosters an environment where democracy can thrive by preventing tyranny and protecting individual liberties.